Preimplantation Genetic Screening
Genetic screening (PGS) is a medical procedure used during In-Vitro Fertilization (IVF) treatment to detect genetic abnormalities in embryos. This method allows embryos to be genetically examined before transfer, aiming to select genetically normal embryos for transfer.
Why is it used? Genetic screening can be used in couples experiencing recurrent pregnancy losses, older prospective mothers, or couples with a family history of genetic diseases. Additionally, it can be used to prevent recurrent miscarriages or to detect specific genetic diseases at the embryo level. How is it applied? Embryo Development: During IVF treatment, embryos formed after fertilization of eggs are incubated in a laboratory environment for several days. Cell Collection: At a specific stage of embryo development, one or more cells are carefully collected in the laboratory. Genetic Analysis: In the laboratory, the genetic material of the collected cells is examined. This genetic analysis is performed to detect the chromosomal structure, genetic disorders, or abnormalities of the embryo. Embryo Selection and Transfer: Genetically normal embryos are transferred to the uterus of the prospective mother or a surrogate mother. This process is usually painless and performed in a short period. Advantages and Disadvantages: Advantages: Genetic screening allows for the detection of genetic diseases at the embryo level, can reduce recurrent pregnancy losses, and can increase the chance of achieving a healthy pregnancy. Disadvantages: The genetic screening procedure can be costly and may slightly affect the development of embryos. Additionally, it does not provide a definitive guarantee to detect some genetic abnormalities.